Network design and Managent ( 5 Sep. 2012 )

Sub-netting 

Click here for sub-netting by Cisco Support Community

 

Click here for sub-netting by serverfault


Click here for detailed view about IP

 

Click here for List of assigned /8 IPv4 address blocks

 

 IPv4  address is of 32 bits. It consists of four octets

 

Class 1st Octet Decimal Range 1st Octet High Order Bits Network/Host ID (N=Network, H=Host) Default Subnet Mask Number of Networks Hosts per Network (Usable Addresses)
A 1 – 126* 0 N.H.H.H 255.0.0.0 126 (27 – 2) 16,777,214 (224 – 2)
B 128 – 191 10 N.N.H.H 255.255.0.0 16,382 (214 – 2) 65,534 (216 – 2)
C 192 – 223 110 N.N.N.H 255.255.255.0 2,097,150 (221 – 2) 254 (28 – 2)
D 224 – 239 1110 Reserved for Multicasting
E 240 – 254 1111 Experimental; used for research
Note: Class A addresses 127.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255 cannot be used and is reserved for loopback and diagnostic functions.

Private IP Addresses

Class Private Networks Subnet Mask Address Range
A 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255
B 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.0.0 255.240.0.0 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255
C 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255

 

  • Literal meaning of sub-netting  is to add something ( bits ) to network bits
  • First ip of network is network ip
  • Last ip of network is broadcast address 
  • Second ip of network or first useable ip will be gateway

There important steps for making sub-nets

  1. Make sub-net mask
  2. Find out no of bits required for sub-netting
  3. Find out new sub-net mask 
Than make new sub-net ips

 

 Example is remaining .................

 

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